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КНСБ стартира от септември кампания „Да спрем рака на работното място“

Кампания “Да спрем рака на работното място!” започва Конфедарцията на независимите синдикати в България от септември. Целта ѝ ще е да ограничи рисковете пред работещите и въздействието на вредни вещества, особено в предприятията от металургията, леката промишленост, строителството, химията, селското стопанство и здравеопазването.

Кампанията, сериозността на проблема и необходимостта от предприемане на конкретни действия бяха обсъдени на 15 юли на конференция, организирана от КНСБ, с експерти и представители на социалните партньори от ГИТ,  министерствата на труда и на здравеопазването.

“Раковите заболявания продължават да бъдат на първо място сред причините за смъртните случаи в ЕС, свързани с работата. Близо 120 000 души в ЕС умират всяка година от раково заболяване, свързано с работата. Според стратегическата рамка на ЕС за здравословни и безопасни условия на труд за периода 2021 – 2027 г. раковите заболявания заемат 52% от причините за свързаните с работата смъртни случаи в ЕС, следвани от сърдечносъдовите заболявания – 24% и наряванията – 2%. Произтичащите от това годишни разходи в целия ЕС за здравеопазване и загубите на производителност се оценяват между 4 и 7 милиарда евро. С развитието на епидемиологичните и експериментални проучвания в световен мащаб е установено, че професионалните онкологични заболявания са немалка част от регистрираните злокачествени заболявания. Според проучване на МКП близо 30 вида рак са свързани с работното място. В индустриално развитите страни тези заболявания, обусловени от канцерогени на работното място, представляват от 2 до 8% от общо регистрираните такива”, каза при откриването на конференцията президентът на КНСБ Пламен Димитров.

Според данни на Националния център за обществено здраве и анализи болните от рак в България са около 350 000 души, като всяка година се регистрират над 30 000 нови случая. В нашата страна липсват системни данни за българските работници, заболели или загубили живота си от рак, свързан с изпълняваната работа. Димитров посочи, че ако приемем, че само 2% от общите случаи на ракови заболявания са свързани с професията, това означава че поне 7000 български работника са заболели от рак на работното място. Годишно у нас се признават 1-2 професионални болести от ракови заболявания. Наред с това медицинското наблюдение на работниците, изложени на въздействието на опасни вещества, не винаги е редовно и систематично, особено когато работниците са престанали да бъдат изложени на въздействието на такива вещества, т.е. когато са сменили работата си или са се пенсионирали.

Според ЕИСК предприятията трябва да играят централна роля в разработването на решения за профилактика, скрининг, диагностика и лечение на ракови заболявания. За да се насърчи това, правителството трябва да осигури благоприятни условия за иновации, инвестиции и управление на предприятията. Необходимо е да се координира на европейско ниво систематично събиране на данни за професионалната експозиция на канцерогени. Такива данни биха позволили насочени превантивни действия и ранно откриване на раковите заболявания. Именно за това нашата кампания ще бъде съсредоточена в предприятия от сектори с повишен риск – металургия, лека промишленост, строителство, химия, селско стопанство, здравеопазване, посочи президентът на КНСБ.

Целите и задачите на кампанията, които КНСБ си поставя:

  • Да се представят най-новите изисквания и възможности за намаляване на експозицията на канцерогени и мутагени в предприятия, които произвеждат, използват или отделят в хода на технологичните процеси различни видове канцерогенни вещества и продукти, които могат доведат до професионални ракови заболявания;
  • Съвети към работодатели, КУТ и ГУТ за намаляване или отстраняване на производствения риск при производството и употребата на химични канцерогени, както и такива за въвеждане на алтернативни заместители на опасни химични вещества, препарати и продукти;
  • Обсъждане на възможности за допълнителни медицински прегледи на работниците, подложени на експозиция на канцерогени с цел ранно откриване на рака и достъп до бързо лечение;
  • Събиране и анализиране на статистически данни и информация за опасните вещества с цел превенция на свързаните с работата ракови заболявания;
  • По време на кампанията работодателите и работниците ще бъдат запознати с най-често срещаните видове професионален рак, веществата които ги причиняват, мерките за превенция и контрол на опасните вещества;
  • Обсъждане на възможности за постоянно дигитално наблюдение на концентрациите на канцерогени в процеса на производство.

Националният секретар на КНСБ Огнян Атанасов представи европейските стратегии и кампании за борба с професионалния рак.

ЕИСК призовава за общоевропейски кампании за повишаване на осведомеността и познанията относно мерките за профилактика и управление на рака на работното място, както и за ролята на висококачествените хранителни продукти, чистата вода и чистия въздух и здравословния индивидуален начин на живот, включително хранителния режим, и физическата активност, и избора на по-добри алтернативи, за профилактика на рака. Комуникацията, с цел планът и неговите мерки да станат разбираеми и надеждни за европейските граждани, ще играе решаваща роля за успеха му и за постигането на неговите цели.

За да се допринесе за ефективното предотвратяване на професионалните ракови заболявания, ЕИСК призовава за повече изследвания на професионалната експозиция на канцерогени, мутагени и нарушители на функциите на ендокринната система, както и на причините за професионалните ракови заболявания, особено при жените. ЕИСК признава свързаните с рака законодателни инициативи в плана за намаляване на професионалната експозиция на рак и подчертава необходимостта всяко евентуално актуализиране да бъде научно и основано на факти и да бъде подкрепено от консултации със социалните партньори.

Според пътната карта за канцерогените за периода от 2020 до 2024 г. са определени следните четири цели:

  • Да се повиши осведомеността на предприятията и работниците относно рисковете от експозиция на канцерогенни вещества и относно необходимостта от превантивни действия в Европа;
  • Да се осигури помощ на предприятията и работниците за предотвратяване на експозицията на канцерогени на работното място и за намаляване на ефектите им върху работната сила;
  • Да се мобилизират заинтересованите лица и да се разшири участието на съответните страни с цел увеличаване на усилията в Европа;
  • Да се насочат усилия към иновациите, за да се преодолее дистанцията между резултатите от изследванията и нуждите на бизнеса.

“По данни на Евростат в Европа годишно се произвеждат над  30 мил. тона карциногенни, мутагени и токсични за репродукцията вещества.  Наред с химичните вещества, известно е, че биологични агенти, физични и организационни фактори са свързани с риска от ракови заболявания”, каза доц. Катя Вангелова от Националния център по обществено здраве и анализи. Тя представи в конкретика рисковете за развитие на свързани с труда злокачествени заболявания.

Изпълнителният директор на “Фонд условия на труд” Виолета Добрева пък разясни рисковете при работа с опасни химични вещества и какви мерки трябва да се вземат за превенция.

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